The seat of the monarchy for four hundred years, then the seat of the royal parliament, which was succeeded by the revolutionary tribunal during the Reign of Terror, it has been classified in its entirety as a historic monument since 1862. It underwent major transformations, mainly in the second half of the 19th century. While its judicial function has always been present, either alone or among other sovereign functions, making the Palace one of the few monuments to have retained part of its original function for ten centuries, it now houses numerous functions relating to three different ministries: Justice, Culture, and the Interior.
Located on the Île de la Cité, the Paris courthouse occupies nearly one-fifth of the island's surface area. Trapezoidal in shape and covering four hectares, it is a vast complex of buildings constructed between the 10th and 20th centuries, which is currently undergoing renovation.